HM Blog

    Before starting further, we should know in brief what is a document, under which section it’s defined and why a document is important and what are the penalties for a forged signature and a fabricated document. Section 3 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 defined a document as, “Documents means any matter expressed upon any substance by means of letters, figures or marks, or by more than one of those means, intended to be used, or which may be used, for the purpose of recording that matter”. Now, forgery is defined under IPC section 463, a fake document or a document with an intention to cause damage to anyone or to commit fraud. Hence, can be described as a means to achieve an end of action or scheme fabricated to mislead someone into believing a fake document, a lie or inaccuracy.   HOW TO CHALLENGE FORGED SIGNATURE: Section 465 of the Indian Penal Code deals with the penalty for forged signature and documents in India.   Firstly, a person needs to kno...

Occupancy Certificate (OC) is a document issued by local municipal authority of a state certifying that a building is in compliance with local laws and building standards. Such certificate implies that the building is suitable for possession. The Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 defines occupancy certificate as a “certificate issued by the competent authority permitting occupation of any building, as provided under local laws, which has provision for civic infrastructure such as water, sanitation and electricity”. A valid OC is crucial for the occupant of the building, without which the occupancy is deemed to be illegal. It is a required document to apply for home loans and even for basic necessities like water and electricity connection. The Gurugram Metropolitan Development Authority is in administration of issuing an Occupancy C ertificate in the city of Gurgaon and the Haryana Building Code, 2017 prescribes the rules and procedure that are to be followed...

ASSAM LAND & REVENUE REGULATION, 1886 Disposal of Government Waste Land, Allotment of Grazing land & Rights in fishery Disposal of Government Waste Land  (Sections 12 to 16 of the Assam Land and Revenue Regulation, 1886 deals with the Disposal of Government Waste Land) As a corollary to the provisions of section 6, it is obvious that lands over which no proprietor, landholder or settlement holder has any right are at the disposal of the State Government. The State Government may dispose them of in any of the following ways: (a) by way of grant or lease to individuals, (Section 12) (b) by allotment for the purpose of grazing-ground to the villagers collectively, whom they consider standing in need of such allotment, (Section 13) (c) by allotment for jhum cultivation by hill tribes, or families practising, jhum or migratory cultivation, of areas suitable for such cultivation, of sufficient extent, and situated in localities reasonably convenie...

ASSAM LAND & REVENUE REGULATION, 1886 According to the provisions of Section 11. "a settlement-holder other-than landholder shall have no rights in the land held by n beyond such as are expressed in his settlement lease.   In Jainur Ali V. Mt. Chafina Bibi, AIR 1951 Assam 20. It was held that the correct interpretation of Section 11 and Rule 1(C) framed under the Assam Land and Revenue Regulation is that when an annual patta holder purports to transfer his ownership in such land for consideration, the transferee takes good title to the property subject only to the paramount title of the Government, that is to say, if the Government so chooses it may, at the expiry of the period of the annual patta, refuse to grant an annual patta to the transferee.     That, however is a matter between the Government and the transferee and not a matter between the transferor and the transferee. Justice Labhaya in the said case also observed that both Section 11 and Rules 1 (C) ...